Improvement in churn-dashers



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

A. W. CRAMER, OF BETHANY, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN CH URN-DASHERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 45,026, dated November15l 1864.

.T0 all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, A. W. GRAMER, of Bethany, in the county of Wayne andState of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new and usefulImprovement in Churn-Dashes; and I do hereby declare the following to bea full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference bein g had tothe accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference markedthereon, in which- Figure 1 is a section of churn giving a side view ofdash. Fig 2 is asection of dash through the line x x.

My invention and improvement consists in the combination of a frame 'androllers with a vertical churndash, as hereinafter to be more fully setforth.

a, Fig. 1, is the handle of dash, which is framed into a cross-piece, b.Upon each end of the cross-piece b b there are framed short horizontalcross-pieces, c c, Fig. 2. Into the ends of these two crosspieces, onone side of dash-handle, are framed two vertical pieces or springs, d d,in such a way that the vertical tangent to the circumference of theroller, which is attached to the lower ends of said vertical piecesshall be a little beyond the opposite side of the dash-handle, so thatthe elasticity of said pieces or springs shall press the roller againstthe centerboard sufficiently for the friction to cause the roller torevolve. Into the other ends of the horizontal crosspieces c c areframed two pieces or springs7 ff, in such a way that the circumferenceof the roller g, attached to their lower ends, may press against theroller e so much that when the center-board passes between them thepress ure .may be sufficient to cause both rollers to revolve.

The four pieces or springs last described must be made of the heart ofhemlock limbs or of some other elastic wood.

The rollers are made of solid cylinders of wood, mortised through withtwo mortises at right angles to each other, and in about the followingproportions: It' the roller is six inches long and two and a half inchesin diameter, the length of the mortises should be four inches, and theirwidth one inch, and for other sizes about the same proportion beween thepari s should be preserved. The rollers are attached to the lower endsofthe pieces or springs d cl and f j' by gudgeons in such a way thatthey may revolve freely. An ordinary screw will answer the purpose verywell, the size of the screw varyin g with the size of the dash.

The center-board h is a thin board as wide as the rollers are long,framed into a foot piece, which is screwed fast to the bottom of thechurn, a little to one side of the center, so as to allow the handle ofthe dash to pass up through the center of the lid.

I have described the dash as made of wood; but it may be made wholly orin part of metal, if desired.

Operation The dash is put into the churn in such a way that thecenter-board may pass between the rollers and along the side ofthehandle on the same side as the inclined pieces or springs f, and may beworked either by hand or by a machine.

Having thus fully described my invention and improvement, what I claim,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The combination and arrangement of the handle a, cross-piece b,cross-pieces c c, pieces or springs d and f, rollers e and g, with thecenter-board lL, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

A. W. UBAME'R.

Witnesses P. E. GooDRIoH, P. K. PEcK.

